burden是一个英语单词，意思是负担、重荷、负担的责任或义务。它的音标为/ˈbɜːrdn/。

怎么读（音标）

burden的正确读音为/bɜːrdn/，其中/b/发音为舌尖接触上齿，/ɜː/发音为舌尖抵住下齿，/r/发音为舌尖向上卷，/d/发音为舌尖接触上齿后迅速抬起，最后/n/发音为舌尖接触上齿后发出鼻音。

用法

作为名词，burden可以表示负担、重荷或责任。：The burden of taking care of her sick parents fell on her shoulders.（照顾生病父母的重任落在她肩上。）

作为动词，burden可以表示使负担、使担忧或加重。：His illness has burdened his family with medical bills.（他的病情给家人带来了医疗费用的负担。）

例句1-5句且中英对照

1. The heavy burden of student loans is weighing on her mind.（学生贷款沉重的负担让她心情沉重。）

2. It is the government's responsibility to ease the burden of taxation on low-income families.（缓解低收入家庭税收负担是的责任。）

3. The burden of proof lies with the prosecution in a criminal trial.（在刑事审判中，举证责任在方。）

4. The old man carried the burden of his past mistakes until the end of his life.（老人背负着自己过去的错误直到生命的尽头。）

5. She felt a heavy burden of guilt for not being able to attend her best friend's wedding.（她因为不能参加最好朋友的婚礼而感到沉重的内疚。）

同义词及用法

1. load：表示负担、重荷，常用于比喻性语境中。：The load of responsibilities on her shoulders is too much for her to handle alone.

2. weight：表示重量或压力，也可用于比喻性语境中。：The weight of expectations from her parents was too much for her to bear.

3. encumbrance：表示累赘或阻碍，通常指某件事物对于目标的阻碍作用。：The encumbrance of having to work two jobs prevented him from pursuing his dream.

4. onus：表示责任或义务，通常指某种任务或行动所带来的责任。：The onus is on you to prove your innocence in court.

编辑总结

burden作为一个多义词，除了表示负担、重荷和责任外，还可以用作动词表示使负担或加重。在使用时，需要根据具体语境来确定其意义。同时，可以结合同义词来丰富表达，避免重复使用。